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- Import-VistaPro() Unix Programmer's Manual Import-VistaPro()
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- NAME
- imp_VistaPro - Vistapro Digital Elevation Model (DEM) geometry import
- filter
-
- SYNOPSIS
-
- This man page describes the options specific to the Vistapro DEM geometry
- import converter.
-
- EXAMPLE CONVERSION SYNTAX
-
- To convert a Vistapro DEM file to 3D Studio using the default parameters
- listed in the setup.ini file:
-
- pt -i vpro -o 3ds filename.dem
-
- To convert a Vistapro DEM file to VRML and override some of the default
- options in setup.ini:
-
- pt -i vpro -in-vpro-skip-factor = 6 -o vrml filename.dem
-
- OVERVIEW
-
- This geometry import converter imports, manipulates and converts digital
- elevation model (DEM) data in the Vistapro format.
-
- FEATURES OF THIS CONVERTER
-
- Vistapro DEM datasets typically contain 60000 or more quadrilateral
- polygons, or 1200000 triangles (for a 258x258 resolution sample). This is
- an enormous number of polygons for most 3d rendering programs so this DEM
- converter incorporates two unique options to overcome this problem:
-
- 1) The converter can skip over samples in the dataset so that only
- every n-th sample is used. Rather than importing 258x258 samples,
- the converter imports 51x51 samples (for a skip factor of 5) which
- results in only 2601 quadrilateral polygons.
-
- 2) Rather than store the entire DEM dataset in single object, the
- DEM converter breaks up the data into multiple smaller objects with
- a common parent. This has shown to be an effective method to
- speeding up the wireframe redraws of the DEM data (by a factor of 2
- or 3), and makes interactive user movement of a 3d camera much
- faster since each sub-object is only a few hundred polygons. In
- addition, certain rendering programs (such as Okino's NuGraf
- renderer) use much less memory when many smaller objects are used
- rather than one large object with many polygons. By default each
- sub-object stores a maximum of 900 polygons; contrast this with
- other converters which lump all 120,000 polygons into a single
- object - few renderers will be able to render such a large object.
-
- 3) A default 3d camera is added to the scene which views the DEM
- data from a pleasing angle.
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- Import-VistaPro() Unix Programmer's Manual Import-VistaPro()
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- 4) u/v texture coordinates are added to the imported data so that a
- bitmap image can be easily draped over the DEM data.
-
- 5) The converter creates smoothed vertex normals for the DEM data so
- that it will appear to be smooth when rendered.
-
- COMMAND LINE OPTIONS
-
- The following options are specific to this import converter:
-
- -i vpro
- This is the optional command line option which specifies that the
- input data is in the Vistapro DEM file format. If not specified then
- the converter will try to guess the input file's format from its
- file extension (.dem) and then from the contents of its file.
-
- -in-vpro-print-statistics = [ yes | no ]
- If set to 'yes' then the converter will print out the number of
- objects and polygons created.
-
- -in-vpro-add-default-camera = [ yes | no ]
- If set to 'yes' then the converter will add a default camera to the
- scene which views the DEM data at a pleasing angle.
-
- -in-vpro-skip-factor = #
- This switch determines the quality of the imported DEM data (it
- directly controls how many polygons will be used to approximate the
- input DEM data). THIS IS AN IMPORTANT CONTROL PARAMETER!! A value of
- 1 results in the highest quality mesh while higher values (2, 3, 4,
- etc) result in lower quality, but at the benefit of reducing the
- number of polygons in the input data. This number will cause the
- converter to 'skip' over every n-th input sample. For example, if
- the input dataset size is 258x258 samples, and the skip factor is
- set to 4, then the converter will actually read in the data as if it
- were of size 65x65 (258/4 = 65). This will produce 4225 polygons
- (65x65) instead of 66565 polygons. A value of 2 or 3 (16641 polygons
- to 7396 polygons) will produce good results for a final rendering,
- while values of 5 to 8 will produce small datasets ideal for fast
- previews (2704 polygons to 1024 polygons).
-
- -in-vpro-sub-grid-size = #
- By default the DEM data will be cut up into several smaller sub-
- objects rather than having all of the DEM data clumped together into
- one huge object. This option controls how many polygons will be put
- into each sub-object. The default is 30 which will cause 900
- polygons (30x30) to be stored in each sub-object. The valid range is
- 5 to 100.
-
- -in-vpro-height-scaling-factor = #
- This option scales the height of the DEM data. It default to 1.0.
- Values greater than 1.0 will make the DEM data higher while values
- between 0.0 and 1.0 will make the DEM data shorter.
-
- -in-vpro-add-2d-txtr-coords = [ yes | no ]
- If set to 'yes' then u/v texture coordinates will be added to the
- imported dataset. These texture coordinates will allow a 2d bitmap
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- Import-VistaPro() Unix Programmer's Manual Import-VistaPro()
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- image to be easily mapped to the surface of the data. Please note
- that the texture coordinates are aligned with the mathematical
- bounding quadrilateral of the dataset, not the actual physical edges
- of the data (this is because the physical edges of the data are not
- square or precise).
-
- -in-vpro-add-default-2d-texture = [ yes | no ]
- If set to 'yes' then a default 2d bitmap texture file
- ("default.tif") will be linked to the DEM data. This option is
- useful if you intend to apply a 2d bitmap image to the DEM data. The
- "-in-vpro-add-2d-txtr-coords" option must also be enabled.
-
- -in-vpro-texture-2d-u-repeat = 5
-
- -in-vpro-texture-2d-v-repeat = 5
- These two values determine how many times the 2d bitmap texture is
- to repeat across the DEM data surface (see the "-in-vpro-add-
- default-2d-texture" option above). The default values are 5 which
- will make the texture repeat 5 times in the horizontal and vertical
- directions.
-
- -in-vpro-add-default-3d-texture = [ yes | no ]
- If set to 'yes' then a NuGraf "mountain" procedural texture
- definition will be added to the scene and assigned to the current
- shader (useful for rendering the DEM data with the NuGraf renderer).
- This texture varies the color of the DEM data according to the
- elevation and slope of a polygon (the color varies from greens, to
- browns to whites at the highest altitudes). Please note that this
- texture tends to be slow to compute due to the turbulence math
- functions; a better alternative would be to assign a 2d bitmap
- texture.
-
- -in-vpro-create-one-object = [ yes | no ]
- If set to 'yes' then one single object is created for all of the
- imported data rather than having the data broken up into multiple
- smaller sub-objects (the default). The converter automatically sets
- this to 'yes' (internally) if the selected output format is to be 3D
- Studio (this is because 3D Studio requires all polygons to be inside
- a single object so that its smoothing algorithm will work properly;
- if multiple objects are used then the vertex normals will not be the
- same where the sub-objects meet and hence "cracks" may appear at the
- junctions).
-
- -in-vpro-triangulate-data = [ yes | no ]
- If set to 'yes' then the DEM data will be imported as triangles
- instead of 4 sided polygons. This is sometimes useful to enable
- since 4-sided DEM data polygons are not planar.
-
- LIMITATIONS
-
- If exporting to 3D Studio then all of the DEM data must be exported as
- one object so that proper smoothing occurs between the sub-chunks. 3D
- Studio has a limit of 64k vertices and 64k polygons, therefore the chunk
- size must be set appropriately to limit the number of polygons and
- vertices output (the number of polygons created can be verified by
- setting the '-in-vpro-print-statistics' option to 'yes' and checking that
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- the number of polygons created is less than 65536).
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